Gambling Addiction free essay sample

In precolonial times, the returns from lotteries approved by the decision English government were utilized to finance investigations to, and settlements inside, the New World (Ezell, 1960). As provincial America developed, government and private lotteries, just as social betting, were normal. The pilgrim time of betting finished with the spread of Jacksonian ethical quality, helped by various all around pitched outrages. Common War recreation presented a second period of betting, as lotteries were utilized as a type of willful tax collection to remake the wartorn South (Rose, 1998; Ezell, 1977). Betting kept on spreading until 1890, when an embarrassment including the Louisiana lottery brought about government enactment that adequately restricted state lotteries and disallowed different types of betting for almost 70 years (Rose, 1998; Ezell, 1977). The United States is presently amidst a third period of across the board legitimized betting, which started in 1931 when Nevada relegalized gambling clubs (Rose, 1986, 1995). At first, Americans in this period restricted lawful betting chances to the Nevada club, magnanimous bingo, and pari-mutuel betting, for example, pony and pooch track hustling. We will compose a custom paper test on Betting Addiction or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Well known types of unlawful betting, for example, offtrack wagering, back room club games, and numbers, were related with sorted out wrongdoing and were treated as bad habit violations by law requirement establishments. At that point, starting in 1964, betting extended significantly after New Hampshire started the main present day state lottery, connoting a change in customary social and good boundaries. As of this composition, some type of betting is lawful in everything except 3 states, club or club style betting is accessible in 21 states, and 37 states have lotteries (National Opinion Research Center, 1999). In 1988, Congress passed the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, which permits clans to work any type of betting as of now legitimized in the state wherein the clan lives. Obstruction by many state councils to club betting and state-endorsed sports wagering proceeds, yet in various purviews different types of betting have gotten organized, with state financial plans progressively reliant on betting incomes. The coming of state-supported lotteries denoted a huge arrangement move in which the states moved from resistance to dynamic sponsorship and forceful advertising of their own games. Open help of this move is undeniably, with more than 80 percent of grown-ups in the United States taking an interest in different types of business or state-supported betting at some point during their lives. All things considered Americans bet over $551 billion of every 1997 in legitimate betting exercises (International Gaming and Wagering Business, 1998). The way toward finding causal affiliations and pathways to see how various elements, exposures, or ailment causing circumstances identify with one another generally includes multidisciplinary groups of specialists, therapists, analysts, sociologists, financial experts, and disease transmission specialists. This part starts by depicting contemplations for undertaking or assessing etiological examination on neurotic betting, just as the current condition of information in regards to the causal pathways of obsessive betting. Hazard factors for and corresponds of obsessive betting, including psychosocial, ecological, hereditary, and natural ones, are talked about and assessed regarding normally acknowledged standards for deciding the quality of an affiliation. Cooccurring clutters and their comparative hazard factors are additionally talked about. All through the part, significant insufficiencies in momentum research on neurotic betting are noted. Etiological Considerations in Undertaking Research on Pathological Gambling Etiological examination is perplexing, and various angles are fundamental to consider in embraced it. They incorporate the precision of symptomatic marks, the affiliations and causal connections among potential hazard factors, the uniqueness of hazard factors, and age and associate impacts. So as to audit the accessible proof, the board created rules to decide a causal relationship between a given hazard factor and obsessive betting. Indicative Labels Considerable conversation has just been dedicated to the definition, estimation, and commonness of neurotic betting. While examining the etiology of an ailment, it is helpful to return to its name, in light of the fact that a mark, as recommended by Nathan (1967), mirrors the condition of information about the disease at the time it is named. Moreover, etiological clarifications enthusiastic about recognizing causal pathways fundamentally think about marks, since they frequently depict the clinical site and clinical image of a disease. For instance, lung malignancy, myocardial localized necrosis, and lymphatic leukemia are clinical marks that portray both the clinical site and the clinical image of those ailments. Clinical names, for example, tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency infection (HIV) can likewise determine the finding, cause, or etiology of a physical sickness. Exact indicative names are less basic in psychiatry. In any case, with the American Psychiatric Associations presentation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), research on the more typical mental issue has prospered and has prompted an attendant blast in research on hazard factors (Goodwin and Guze, 1974). Examination on the analytic order of obsessive betting has lingered behind, and it has been distinguished as a territory in genuine need of etiological exploration. Affiliations and Causal Relationships As with different territories of examination, when structuring, undertaking, or assessing etiological exploration on neurotic betting, one must comprehend and recognize affiliations and causal connections among numerous potential hazard factors. A hazard factor is something that has a potential job in the commencement of an illness, the movement of a sickness to a further state, or in the fading of a malady (which is then a defensive factor). Segment, natural, character, family, peer, and hereditary components, among other conceivable hazard factors, may cooperate after some time to impact the course of results, manifestations, and practices. Hazard factors are generally helpful for research when they allude to a particular marvel that gives an achievable purpose of mediation. A few elements might be connected only to commencement; others might be connected uniquely to resulting movement into issue or neurotic betting. Albeit significant, such etiological qualifications have been once in a while made in the generally later and restricted iterature on obsessive and issue betting. The writing on posttraumatic stress issue (PTSD) offers a logical model for recognizing hazard factors. Breslau and Davis (1987) exhibited that it was the first presentation to an encouraging occasion, and not reexposure, that prompted side effects of PTSD among Vietnam veterans. In another investigation, Breslau and associates (1991), in an assessment of youthful urban grown-ups, recognized hazard factors for introduction to horrible accidents (I. e. low training levels, being male, early direct issues, and extraversion) that were particular from chance variables for the genuine issue once uncovered (I. e. , early detachment from guardians, neuroticism, previous tension or misery). Recognizing hazard factors is vital in etiology research, as is distinguishing basic hazard factors for the movement of a disease. In the examination simply depicted, a family ancestry of a mental issue or a substance misuse issue was recognized as a typical hazard factor for introduction to awful mishaps and obtaining PTSD. Extraordinary Risk Factors Equally imperative to consider in etiological exploration on neurotic and issue betting is which factors for constant, long haul betting are novel to this issue and not only indicators of exorbitant freak conduct of numerous sorts. Once more, the PTSD writing gives a layout to investigate on obsessive Age and Cohort Effects Etiological exploration should likewise consider how the impacts old enough and being in an accomplice (a gathering of individuals conceived around the same time or decade) increment or abatement ones hazard for starting betting or building up a betting issue. Despite the fact that these impacts are rarely considered in existing obsessive and issue betting examination, Eriksons phases of improvement (Erickson, 1963, 1968, 1982) are one informative model that represents maturing impacts and might be applied when researching betting practices. In particular, the model estimates that, as individuals age, they travel through a few formative stages that compare to certain stage-related errands. At the point when applied to betting conduct, the suggestion is that, at certain formative stages, the inspiration for and assumptions regarding betting may change. An ongoing audit exhibited that betting among youngsters happens on a formative continuum of betting inclusion extending from no betting experimentation to betting with genuine results (Stinchfield and Winters, 1998). These impacts relate to how hazard components and results change with age and vary among gatherings of individuals (Mok and Hraba, 1991). Companion impacts relate to explicit occasions that influence gatherings of individuals conceived during a similar timespan (Mok and Hraba, 1991). At the point when applied to betting conduct, this implies increments in betting open doors during a specific period in history may influence a particular age gathering of individuals. For instance, an associate of same-age individuals who are going through the time of hazard for betting issues whenever betting open doors are extending may encounter more prominent and expanding presentation to, contribution in, and social acknowledgment of betting during their lifetimes than a companion of same-age individuals in danger during times of f

Current event report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recent development report - Research Paper Example Making illegal vows to two men, she orchestrated the homicide weapons and gave the two employed men the opportunity to go into the house to do the deed. The trio were gotten and exclusively condemned. Teresa Lewis got capital punishment for engineering the homicide, with both her associates accepting life detainment, one later ending it all. I picked this specific article for a couple of reasons. Right off the bat, I decided to expound on it since the death penalty has separated the general public in two. One half is agreeable to it and the different restricts it. Their reasons fluctuate from the supporters discussing revenge and conclusion and equity being finished. The rival side discussions about the sacredness of human life and that one deed can't counterbalance another. They additionally bolster their contention by discussing the room for give and take in condemning somebody: what it somebody was erroneously charged because of deficient proof; or by setback. If there should aris e an occurrence of disclosure post-execution, the sentence can't be turned around, they contend. The second purpose behind picking this article was the way that Teresa Lewis not exclusively didn't submit the demonstration herself but on the other hand was fringe intellectually hindered with an IQ of 71. So it tends to be contended that she was not intellectually prepared to completely get a handle on the gravity of her endeavors.

Blog Archive Dean Profiles Sunil Kumar, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business

Blog Archive Dean Profiles Sunil Kumar, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business Business school deans are more than administrative figureheads. Their character and leadership is often reflective of an MBA programs unique culture and sense of community. Each month, we will be profiling the dean of a top-ranking program. Today, we focus on  Sunil Kumar  from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Before his appointment as dean of Chicago Booth in 2011, Sunil Kumar served for 14 years on the faculty of the Stanford University Graduate School of Business, where he was also senior associate dean for academic affairs. Kumar received a PhD in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a Master of Engineering in computer science and automation from the Indian Institute of Science, and a Bachelor of Engineering from Mangalore University. He has been the recipient of numerous honors for his teaching and research in the area of operations management and communications networks, including the 1998 Finmeccanica Faculty Scholarship from Stanford University and the 2001â€"2002 Professor of the Year award at the Indian School of Business. Kumar stated in a July 2010 Wall Street Journal article on his hiring that his primary goal is “to strengthen and enhance what is already great,” while learning more “about the students, faculty and the programs.” And according to a March 2011 Bloomberg Businessweek article, one of the new dean’s early moves has indeed proven to be quite a coup for the school: in that month, Chicago Booth announced that Axel Weber, the outgoing president of the German central bank (Deutsche Bundesbank) would join the MBA faculty as a visiting professor. As Kumar told the Chicago Tribune in January 2011, his goal “to enhance and broaden the impact and reputation of the school” is “not a trivial one.” He affirmed, “We have a deservedly good reputation for taking rigor seriously. … So we want to broaden, but without giving up this fundamental value.” “I think he actually fits the personality of Chicago pretty well, because, in a sense, he’s kind of nerdy and quantitative, but at the same time, he’s pretty funny,” stated a 2012 Chicago Booth graduate we interviewed. “His personality really came out during our student events, and I would just say that he is very approachable and a ‘real’ person.” For more information about Chicago Booth and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles Blog Archive Dean Profiles Sunil Kumar, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business Business school deans are more than administrative figureheads. Their character and leadership is often reflective of an MBA program’s unique culture and sense of community. Each month, we will be profiling the dean of a top-ranking program. Today, we focus on  Sunil Kumar  from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Before his appointment as dean of Chicago Booth in 2011, Sunil Kumar served for 14 years on the faculty of the Stanford University Graduate School of Business, where he was also senior associate dean for academic affairs. Kumar received a PhD in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a Master of Engineering in computer science and automation from the Indian Institute of Science, and a Bachelor of Engineering from Mangalore University. He has been the recipient of numerous honors for his teaching and research in the area of operations management and communications networks, including the 1998 Finmeccanica Faculty Scholarship from Stanford University and the 2001â€"2002 Professor of the Year award at the Indian School of Business. “I think he actually fits the personality of Chicago pretty well, because, in a sense, he’s kind of nerdy and quantitative, but at the same time, he’s pretty funny,” stated a 2012 Chicago Booth graduate we interviewed. “His personality really came out during our student events, and I would just say that he is very approachable and a ‘real’ person.” For more information about Chicago Booth and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the mbaMission Insiders Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of Chicago (Booth)

Global Warming Is The Main Features Of Climate Change

Prevent Global Climate Change In the process of human history, because of the greed of human nature, abuse the science and technology, world environment and resources have been severely damaged. And causing Global climate change, and the resulting related hazards. Global climate change is just an indisputable fact. Do you felt the climate changes? We have been from climate change to feel some strange this year. Global warming is the main features of climate change. According to the evidence that the general trend of global warming is not stopped, not counter attack, is mainly the temperature rise caused by human factors, this change will affect people and other aspects of the earth, has a direct influence and harm to our survival, and measures to prevent global change. Human activities as a direct result of global climate change, and population increases, according to factors is a part of the leading causes of global climate change. Also there is a serious threat to the balance of natural ecology and the environment. Because the world s growing population has resulted in such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, agriculture expansion activities such as intensifying, gathered in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased substantially. Natural events and human activities are considered to lead to an increase in global mean temperature. This is mainly composed of a gas such as carbon dioxide (CO2) is increased greenhouse caused. This is because theShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The Environment1311 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Global warming refers to an incremental in earth’s temperature. Some believes this is occurring naturally but the prevailing view attributes climate change to the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect refers to the warming resulting from certain gases such as carbon dioxide in Earth s atmosphere trapping heat. These gases traps heat but let light in, similarly to the glass walls of a greenhouse. The general belief is that mankind are chiefly responsible for global warming becauseRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Climate Change1405 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal warming, also referred to as climate change, has become a major political topic within recent years. Essentially, a controversial debate exists regarding the causes and subsequent impacts of global warming. Nevertheless, the current consensus by most experts is that evidence unequivocally supports the measurable impacts of global warming, such as increased temperatures, melting ice, etc. A literature review will be conducted in order to present scientific evidence that illustrates the impactsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1029 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming Generally, our common understandings about Global Warming would be that the weather or the temperature’s changing; for example, we physically feel the winter is getting warmer or the spring seems comes earlier this year. However, the effect of the Global Warming is way greater than our physical feelings. As the dictionary’s definition, â€Å"An increase in the average temperature of the Earth s atmosphere, especially a sustained increase great enough to cause changes in the globalRead MoreClimate Change : Global Warming1715 Words   |  7 PagesConference, President Obama said, â€Å"climate change is no longer some far off problem; it is happening here; it is happening now†. President Barack Obama states a good fact; climate change is affecting the world tremendously. The glaciers are melting at an astonishing rate and the surface temperature of the world is only increasing. Currently, scientists argue that climate change intensified because of human ac tivity; however, the circumstance is quite the opposite. Global warming refers to the rising surfaceRead MoreGlobal Warming : Causes And Effects1453 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming Introduction A slight change in temperature may not seem that bad but a small rise in global temperature can do a lot of damage. Global warming is an increase in the earth s average atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate [11]. This report is going to discuss the many causes of global warming as well as the effects that come with it. It will also discuss ways to prevent global warming from happening. Causes of Global Warming Global warming is whatRead MoreThe Effects of Global Warming on the Earth990 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal Warming Earth’s temperature is a vital aspect to Earth and its surroundings. The atmospheric temperature along with natural gases is the significant reasons why Earth inhabits all of its life. When there are changes that alter the natural affects of Earth’s environment there are factors that places the environment at risk. Increase warming of global temperatures account as a major concern of Earth’s surroundings. Global warming is a prominent source to consider how and why the environmentRead MoreThe Mistaken Truth: Global Warming Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pages Beyond the shadow of a doubt, Global Warming is real and mostly man-made. During last two decades, saving the earth has become a global movement. Despite of all the recent strenuous efforts for global awareness, there are people who believe â€Å"Global Warming† is just another propaganda campaign; people who confuse money with the well-being of the earth and its inhabitants. As a result, our current so lutions, legislations, and policies are far away from a practical and effective solution in the longRead MoreEssay on Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases1265 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming and Greenhouse Gases The concentration of the atmospheres main greenhouse gases specifically, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, have increased significantly during the industrial age. These high concentrations are predicted to continue in the atmosphere for thousands of years to come. This increase in specially carbon dioxide, increases the infrared energy taken in by the atmosphere, and warming the earths surface. The Global mean temperature overRead MoreHuman Activitiy Causes Climate Change Essay991 Words   |  4 Pagesentire animals, but what has caused their extinction is due to â€Å"Climate Change† that is the result of the Natural Causes and Human Activities. We used to look at how natural causes have contributed to climate change, but human is now even playing a bigger role in causing climate change. Climate can be defined as the average weather effected by slow features such as oceans, precipitations, and clouds (Slaght, 2009, p34-41). Out of the two main causes of climatic alterations, natural cause is one of themRead MoreEssay on Fighting Global Warming 1202 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming has become a major issue discussed over Medias and governments all over the world today. It is a problem that threatens the whole world because of the destructive impacts it can have on us humans and to the environment. Global warming is not a new phenomenon. It is often referred to as the gradual rise of the earths near surface temperature as a result of increased emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities. The green house gases are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen, ozone

Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Judaism - 1644 Words

The following religions Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism are among the top religions when evaluating the number of followers they encompass worldwide (Henderson, 2005, p.1). Through assessing these major belief systems and their views, diversity between them is apparent. These multiplicities range from Hindus who acknowledge multitudes of gods to Muslims who believe in one God, Allah. Although the variety of beliefs and practices exist their remains some central concepts such as the belief that one being will bring about the unification of religions. For example, Buddhists belief they will experience the coming of Maitrya, Hindus believe in coming of the Kalki Avata, the Jews and Christians believe in a Messiah and the Muslims believe in the coming of Mahdi (Woodward, 2000). The Hand of Bodhista Maitreya is an artifact that communicates the concept that these religions, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism, all believe that a unifying religion wi ll one day come to fruition. Artifacts such as, Hand of Bodhista Maitreya, can represent the faith of Buddhism but in addition hold within its art form a universal concept that represents beliefs of other faiths. Some argue that the artifact, Hand of Bodhista Maitreya, is a fragmented from a full body statue that represents Maitreya that is only significant to the Buddhist community; however this representation of Maitreya is relevant to religions and societies all over the world, becauseShow MoreRelatedChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, And Buddhism966 Words   |  4 PagesReligion is a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe. In today’s society there are many religious lifestyles people stand by. Popular ones consist of Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism. When looking at Christianity and Buddhism it is easy to identify some major differences. For instance, both the religions were started and founded by different people and in dissimilar ways. A second one would be what they believe in; number of deities, and whatRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1472 Words   |  6 Pagesspectrum of meanings, ranging from â€Å"kind of similar if you look at it in the right fashion†, to â€Å"exactly alike†. In any case, there are many examples, and counterexamples of universal ideas between the â€Å"main† seven religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism, which will be explored in the remainder of this essay. Arguments could be made on how all religions share a similarity. For example, all religions were persecuted by outsiders at some point. PerhapsRead MoreWorld Religion: Christianity the Most Widespread Religion in The World1473 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the world. The six world religions are Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Many of these religions are monotheistic, which is the belief of only one god or one higher power. There are also polytheistic believers, which is the belief in many or more than one god. These six world religions have a lot in common and they also have their differences that make their certain religion or belief special to them. Christianity is the most widespread religion in the worldRead MoreChristianity And Buddhism And Christianity1468 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity and Buddhism exist as two of the predominant religions throughout the world. While Buddhism ranks around fifth in number of followers of religions, it is the third most widespread religion behind Christianity and Islam. Buddhism and Christianity are arrantly distinct in their principle standpoints: Buddhism rejects the existence of a greater being and Christianity proudly professes the power of a universal God. However, despite this rigid dissimilarity, both religions developed and spreadRead MoreHinduism And The Middle East894 Words   |  4 Pagesthat are practiced in the world today. Hinduism developed first, then Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and finally Islam. Hinduism and Buddhism are considered Eastern religions while Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are considered Western. Both Eastern religions began in India, although Buddhi sm later moved out. The Western religions each developed, at different times, in the same general geographical and cultural setting of West Asia: Judaism and Christianity, in and around the area now known as IsraelRead MoreClassification of Religions1509 Words   |  7 Pagesexistence of one and only one GOD. The main three Abrahamic religions are: * Judaism * Christianity * Islam JUDISM Judaism is among the worlds oldest monotheistic religions and the first of the three Abraham religions. Around 12 million people in the world believe in Judaism. They are mostly in the United States and Israel. The Torah, or Hebrew Bible, is the most important holy book of Judaism. The primary custom of Judaism is practicing prayer, preferably communal prayer. Jews attend synagoguesRead More Appreciating other Religions Essay684 Words   |  3 Pagesreligious beliefs and practices. Morals and ethics allow one to make a knowledgeable and responsible decision. One’s religious and spiritual beliefs shapes and molds the mind, body, and spirit of the person. One would think that Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism have nothing in common, but in some ways they are. Generally, there are also differences between the five. Actually they are not so much a religion as a religion-social system. All religions share common goals and two main onesRead MoreFeminine Divine Traits : Buddhism And Christianity1737 Words   |  7 Pages 1. Feminine divine traits – Buddhism/Christianity Whether it is in a polytheistic or a monotheistic religion, the gender of divinity is always a topic given great attention. Although Buddhism doesn’t put much focus on gods in the teaching, it does include certain religious aspects such as praying to the higher beings. The feminine divine traits in Buddhism can be found with a closer examination on the feminine metaphors in the Buddhist scriptures. While Buddhas are predominantly in male formRead MoreBuddhism s Belief Of God1419 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism hope to its adherents is to have a state of life in the afterlife where each individual can find his own way. They identifies their existence as god-like beings, who do not believe in an omnipotent creator God. Each individual discover and walk their own path. Nonetheless, Buddhism is not divine it just points the way to Nirvana. In the Buddhism religion they do not personally believe in God or a divine being. They do not worship, pray, or praise a divine being. Though t he religion doesRead MoreEssay on Five Great World Religions1014 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity Christianity is a universalizing religion, which means that they actively seek converts and no one is ever excluded from this religion. This made it so the religion was able to reach out to the lower class families. Christianity is split into two groups. There are the Catholics and the Protestants. Both of these groups use the Holy Bible as their scriptures however they interpret the bible differently. Christians believe in Jesus Christ and that he was the Son of God and he was brought

Analysis Of The Complete Maus By Art Spiegelman - 1454 Words

The comic book memoir The Complete Maus, written by Art Spiegelman and narrated by both Spiegelman father and son, is a unique novel because it is the first of its kind. The novel received a decent amount of varying reactions from the public but was recognized and rewarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1992 for the originality of the book. A comic strip genre mixed with the memoir of the holocaust, from Art’s father’s first-hand experience, throws a whole different wave of emotions and feelings about the book’s content towards the reader. The use of a comic strip novel with this particular topic and mix of genres balanced the biographical, autobiographical and historical missions that he set to achieve when developing this novel perfectly. He is†¦show more content†¦Spiegelman not only provided accurate historical information, but also incorporated an autobiographical and biographical novel of his own life and his father’s life post holocaust. Using the g enre of a comic strip was key to encompassing all three. Spiegelman’s use of the comic strip genre accomplishes his mission to present historical records as well as to present his father’s biography during and after the war and his own autobiography. The story is set in present day New York and starts with Art going to his father’s, Vladek’s, house and asking him about Poland before the Nazis took control. He uses the current day time frame as his own autobiography in a way. He has short notes that he adds in to give the reader a better understanding of the current situation or further knowledge and tells stories when he was younger, plus after his book was published. Each time after his father finishes speaking about the holocaust, he resumes the days and time between his father’s storytelling and from there his autobiography continues. He chooses to include the comic, â€Å"Prisoner on the Planet Hell†, which he had made after his mother t ook her own life. It is the only part of the story that does not have the characters either portrayed as or dressed up as animals. It gives the reader a quick understand of his mother’s suicide and the impact it had on Art and his father. The entire first part of the novel is really a biography about Vladek Spiegelman in PolandShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of The Complete Maus, by Art Spiegelman1101 Words   |  5 PagesWhen reading a traditional book, it is up to the reader to imagine the faces and landscapes that are described within. A well written story will describe the images clearly so that you can easily picture the details. In Art Spiegelman’s The Complete Maus, the use of the animals in place of the humans offers a rather comical view in its simplistic relation to the subject and at the same time develops a cryptic mood within the story. His drawings of living conditions in Auschwitz; expressions on theRead MoreThe Holocaust : The Most Tragic And Shameful Event13 30 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially through art and literature. Novels, poetry, paintings, films, and other forms of art relating to the Holocaust quickly surfaced after the occurrence and still continue today. Artists search for a catharsis from the atrocious genocide that seems to surround them. With this newly spread genre of art, many critics rose up, like Adorno, a German philosopher, to prove that these artistic representations were degrading to the survivors and the actual event. However, if a piece of art contains enoughRead MoreCauses of Genocide Essay1675 Words   |  7 Pagesobserved in Art Spiegelman’s comic book, Maus: A Survivor’s Tale, which portrays the experiences of Art’s father, Vladek, through the prototypical example of genocide, the Holocaust. The history of genocides, and especially complete genocides, carries an inherent subjectivity due to the lack of victims to provide their point of view and the position of power over history the perpetrators assume. This power allows for benefits that can be used to erase the genocide from history or, if complete erasureRead MorePropaganda Techniques And Rhetoric By Joseph Goebbels And Gerhard Wagner1828 Words   |  8 PagesGiorgio Agamben’s exposition of â€Å"homo sacer† to contribute to my analysis of propaganda techniques and rhetoric by utilizing their concepts and applying them directly to the primary sources mentioned. In combining these sources along with other scholarly articles, this analysis will also show that intense fervor and loyalty for the Nazi regime was not the only or main source of support for the legitimized extermination of a race. To complete this arduous task, I will first look at the source of it all

Organizational Leadership Cultural and Linguistic Competency

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Leadership for Cultural and Linguistic Competency. Answer: Introduction: Effective and potential leaders make the difference for their organization. The future success of any organization depends on upon the quality of their leadership. However, the development of effective leadership needs many times and tremendous efforts as compared to the other development in the entire career. Proven the talent of the leadership is most scarce and in their earlier career, the leader faced very complex challenges additionally (Clark Morgan, 2001). Because of all these issues, the best interest of the organization is to develop the leaders at all levels of the organization. Most of the people think that the leadership development should align towards the strategy of the business that ensures the development of the leaders that are ready for effective leadership (Clark Morgan, 2001). By viewing the development of leadership as the journey, the leaders have the opportunity to gain experience, insight, visibility, and tackle the challenges and help in the creation of a path that connects the growth of people to the need of organization. Objectives of personal leadership development A personal leadership development plan should find a way that creates a balance between the desire of the leaders for engagement and growth with the need of the organization to drive the strategy for the business and its result. The effective leadership development plan supports to build the capacity both at the individual level and at the organizational level by following the below mentioned four things. Skill and competence improvement: the leadership skills that are required for effective leadership are people, self, thoughts and result. The skill of People leadership supports the development of other employees. The skill of self-leadership determines the self-management (Krishnan, 2012). Thought leadership skill supports in problem anticipating and solving. The skill of result leadership focused on the planning and execution abilities. Increased individual engagement: Whatever the individual is the manager or not, or he or she want to lead or not. The choice for the leading comes from the individuals a deep sense of engagement with the organization and with the peoples of the organization (Krishnan, 2012). The development of a leader occurs when he or she recognize their purposes and values. With support and training, the individuals have knowledge that how the leadership quality will help them to act upon their own unique values. Creation of a path that leads to success: leadership development program helps the leaders to stretch their abilities and skills to grow for better and higher job profile. The leadership development program ensured that the leader is ready to take a step up and taking the responsibility for the broader range as required by the organization (Krishnan, 2012). Supports the organization engagement and networking: The development of leadership plan supports to develop strong and long-lasting social relations that revolve around the shared purpose and vision. This helps the leaders talk about qualities, strategies and to develop leadership skills in the others (Krishnan, 2012). The goal and objective of the personal leadership strategy are to support the groups, organization, and individuals to improve the abilities and skills of the individual to work in a team productively. Strategy for the personal leadership development For the development of a personal leadership plan, the following strategy can be used. Self-assessment First, all the individual has to think about his own assessment that is an assessment of his qualities that reflect the qualities, skills, traits, abilities, competencies and experiences of an efficient leader. Some of the skills, traits, abilities, competencies should be according to your business environment (Manion Cherion, 2009). For this, the individual has to do the following three thinks Sort out the toughest jobs in the organization and take the full responsibility of that work Try to tackle the problems and find the new way to overcome Try to forecast the change and its management that development of the techniques to overcome the resistance to change For the analysis of the skills, qualities, abilities follow the SWOT analysis that is an analysis of strength, weakness, opportunity and threats. This analysis supports the individual to have the better self-assessment (Hammersley-Fletcher, 2006). The SWOT analysis is to know the strengths of the individual that supports the leadership behavior and weaknesses that should improve to behave as an effective leader. This analysis also helps to know the opportunity that will enhance the leadership behavior of individual in future and threats that can diminish his leadership behavior. In each of the above responsibilities, the individual should find its one of his strength and one of his weaknesses that one has to improve. Assessment of the behavior of an efficient leader After the assessment of the own strengths and weaknesses, the individual has to give ranging to his behavior against the SPARK acronym S for sharing information P for play to strengths A for asking induction and appreciation of different ideas R for recognition and responsiveness to the needs of the individual K for keeping the commitments In the personal leadership development plan of the individual reveals that how the individual use the SPARK (Manion Cherion, 2009). For example, in the context of the environment of the organization, there is a combination of a team whose members are virtually and physically present. In information sharing, how the information technology of the organization helps the leader to bring all the members of the team together that is no one left without information. In the plan, the leader should consider that is their need of regular meetings, weekly meeting or monthly meeting according to the work of the organization. Measures of success development The process of leadership involves SPARK behavior in the daily management of his team as they aim for the same goal. In the leadership behavior, the individual should add the ten critical indicators of the success that are mentioned below Work accomplishment: Is the work completed on its standard time Increased quality: Is the quality of work improves Teamwork improvement: Is the teamwork improves in a stronger direction Improved morale: Is there development of a sense of pride in the team Increased delegation: Is the individual and his team both delegated to work more and more Empowerment: Is the individual sharing the powers with the team member that is ready to assume them Stabilized system: Is the individual going to create the routines and system for all the processes and functions that are major. Strategic preparation and planning: Is the individual doing the long term preparation and planning Continuous learning: is the team continuously learning new things Recognition and rewards: have the team members got recognition and rewards of the contribution Leverage the personal style In the leadership development plan, the individual should discover more about his personality and predispositions through the testing with MBTI- Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. This type of test supports to enhance the self-awareness (Nadler, 2004). In this testing, the individual can gain additional insights in own personal style such as body language. The individuals gesture, posture and vocal characteristics are the important parts of non-verbal communication that supports the individual in establishing himself as an efficient leader. So, in the personal leadership development, the measures should mention improving this. Do commitment to Sit and stand straight to look tall and avoid slouching Take measured and deliberate steps and move only for a purpose Move with direction, focus, and energy Development of power and influence The emerging forces that lead the project to move forward and ensure the work completed are power and influence. In the personal development plan, there is provision to ascertain the progress of power and influence development (Ellen, 2014). In the personal leadership development plan, the individual should challenge himself to improve in the areas that are; have the clarity about strategy, goals, and objectives before presenting his ideas; grasp the peoples priority that the individual wants to influence; help the team in visualizing the success Once the strategy for the personal leadership development plan is developed, it does not mean that the individual has completed his task, he or she has to review the whole plan repeatedly to ensure its effectiveness (Ellen, 2014). The self-assessment step should review critically to have the better understanding of strength and weakness in respect to the leadership skills and make the leadership plan accordingly. Conclusion The personal leadership development strategy made to enhance the leadership behavior of the individual so that it can work as an efficient leader in the organization and with his team. The personal leadership plan supports the individual to have the better relation with the team members and with the organization (Benavente, 2004). The personal leadership strategy includes the self-assessment, identification of the behavior of a leader with the SPARK acronym, development measures of the success, enhancement of power and influence and leverages the personal style. All these development steps should critically analysis with the specific strategy. If the individual does not analyze his strengths and weaknesses accurately that the effectiveness of the personal leadership development plan is not assured. So all the points of the personal leadership development strategy should critically analyze and implemented to have the better analyzed (Nadler, 2004). If the strategy of the plan is highl y analyzed, but not properly implemented, the personal leadership development plan will not work properly and the individual does not gets the success and growth as expected from the leadership strategy. References Benavente, V. (2004). Cultural and linguistic competency assessment.Nurse Leader,2(6), 24-30. Clark, R. Morgan, B. (2001). How is your work life/personal life balance?.Strategy Leadership,29(5). Ellen, B. (2014). Considering the positive possibilities of leader political behavior.Journal Of Organizational Behavior,35(6), 892-896. Hammersley-Fletcher, L. (2006). Book Review: Educational Leadership: Personal Growth for Professional Development.Educational Management Administration Leadership,34(1), 143-144. Hammersley-Fletcher, L. (2006). Book Review: Educational Leadership: Personal Growth for Professional Development.Educational Management Administration Leadership,34(1), 143-144. Krishnan, V. (2012). Transformational leadership and personal outcomes: empowerment as mediator.Leadership Organization Development Journal,33(6), 550-563. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437731211253019 Krishnan, V. (2012). Transformational leadership and personal outcomes: empowerment as mediator.Leadership Organization Development Journal,33(6), 550-563. Manion, M. Cherion, J. (2009). Impact of Strategic Type on Success Measures for Product Development Projects *.Journal Of Product Innovation Management,26(1), 71-85. Nadler, D. (2004). Whats the boards role in strategy development?: Engaging the board in corporate strategy.Strategy Leadership,32(5), 25-33.

A Growing Problem essays

A Growing Problem essays The escalating divorce rate is a growing problem in American culture and will not get better unless drastic steps are taken. Divorce rates have steadily increased in the United States since the early 1920s. In 1920 there was approximately 13.4 divorces per 100 marriages. In the 1988 it jumped to 32.8 divorces per 100 marriages and at present it is close to 50 divorces per 100 marriages and climbing (divorce rates chart). Researchers say that the fastest growing marital status category in America is divorced people. I believe something needs to be done to preserve the once sacred institution of marriage and family values in the United States. Divorce has a profound impact on children. Children of divorce are 3 to 4 times more likely to have psychological problems, juvenile delinquencies and suicide among other detrimental problems. A child of divorce is more likely grow up and be in a marriage that ends in divorce. The child is more inclined to view divorce as an easy way out of a situation instead of working on their marital problems. They feel divorce is an acceptable option as they have seen their parents divorce. Here are few of the important factors that I believe contribute to the ever-escalating divorce rates in the United States. First, lawmakers enacted the no-fault divorce law in the 1970s. Researchers believe that the new law caused an explosion of divorces. A no-fault divorce is one in which neither spouse blames the other for the breakdown of their marriage. Both spouses agree that irreconcilable differences have arisen and that their marriage is irreparable (no-fault divorce). A no-fault divorce does not require proof in a court of law by the divorcing party. Essentially a no-fault divorce makes it much easier and much faster to get a divorce. Currently, divorce laws in nearly every state give greater legal rights to spouses who want to end the marriage than ...

The New Career Path for Headmasters - Then and Now

The New Career Path for Headmasters - Then and Now The route to the headmasters office has changed. Once upon a time, the headmaster, often referred to as the head of a school, was almost certainly somebody with teaching and administrative experience. Better yet, he or she was an alumnus or an alumna - an old boy or an old girl, well connected and respected within the community. However, in an increasingly competitive marketplace with higher expectations placed on schools, the profile of the head of school is changing. To be sure, its a gradual change. But its a change nonetheless, and its occurring because the challenges facing a head of school these days require experiences and skill sets not usually found in a person who is first and foremost an educator. The Way It Used to Be For years, the way to the top of the private school organization chart was through the hallowed halls of academe. You graduated from college with a degree in your subject. You were engaged as a teacher, coached your team sport, kept your nose clean, married acceptably, raised some children of your own, became dean of students, and after 15 or 20 years you were in the running for head of school. Most of the time that worked just fine. You knew the drill, understood the clientele, accepted the curriculum, made a few changes, tweaked the faculty appointments ever so slightly, steered clear of controversy, and magically, there you were: receiving a nice check and being put out to pasture after 20 years or so as head of school. The Way It Is Now Life got complicated in 90s, however. Years ago, it used to be that the head could run his school simply by looking out his office window and observing what was going on. A periodic look in at the faculty lounge and an occasional meeting with alumni and parents to raise some money - it all was pretty straightforward. Even a bit dull. Not any more. The head of a private school in the new millennium has to have the executive ability of Fortune 1000 executive, the diplomatic skills of Ban Ki-moon and the vision of Bill Gates. S/he has to deal with substance abuse. S/he has to be politically correct. His graduates have to get into the right colleges. He has to raise millions for this project and that. He has to sort through legal issues which would numb the mind of a Philadelphia lawyer. He needs the diplomatic skills of an ambassador to deal with parents. His technology infrastructure costs a fortune and doesnt seem to have improved teaching at all. On top of all this, his admissions department now has to compete for students with several other schools which years ago could hardly be considered the competition if they existed at all. CEO vs Educator Many people first acknowledged this shift in  the summer of 2002, when Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg of New York City surprised the masses by  appointing a lawyer/executive with no formal educational administrative training as Chancellor of the New York City schools. As CEO of the Bertelsmann, Inc. media conglomerate, Joel I. Klein brought vast business experience to that most complicated of assignments. His appointment served as a wake up call to the educational establishment as a whole that new and imaginative approaches to school administration are needed. This was only the first step in what soon became a rapidly changing environment.   Private schools shifted from viewing themselves solely as academic institutions to operating under dual roles: schools and businesses. The academic side of operations continues to grow and flourish with the changing times, often faster than the business side of these elite institutions. However, heads have begun to acknowledge the need for augmented admission offices to recruit students, development offices to raise money to support school operations, and business offices to better manage the daily financial needs of schools and their communities. The need for strong marketing and communications has also become apparent, and continues to grow rapidly, with schools employing large offices of skilled professionals working to develop new target audience.   The new heads role isnt to simply ensure that everything plugs along in terms of day to day tasks. But rather, the new head is responsible for leading a powerful group of professionals who are working to ensure that the school thrives in difficult and at times, downright volatile market conditions. While the head isnt expected to know how to do everything, he or she is expected to provide clear and concise goals and strategic vision.   The biggest, and often hardest change for many to swallow is the need to  see families as customers and not only as parents of students with malleable minds which need solid training, nurturing and direction for success in later life.  Ã‚   Characteristics to Look for Choosing the right head is critical part of moving your school successfully through changing circumstances and financial tough times. Given the large number of constituencies within a school community you will need to find a strategic leader and consensus builder. A good head listens well. S/he understands the widely differing needs of parents, faculty and students, yet demands the partnership and cooperation of all three groups to accomplish his educational goals. S/he is a skilled sales person who has a solid grip on the facts and can articulate them convincingly. Whether s/he is raising money, speaking at a seminar in his area of expertise or addressing a faculty meeting, s/he represents and sells the school to everybody s/he encounters. A good head is a leader and an exemplar. His vision is clear and well thought out. His moral values are above reproach. A good head manages effectively. S/he delegates to others and holds them accountable. A good head doesnt have to prove himself. He knows what is required and accomplishes it. Hire a Search Firm The reality is that to find this person, you may have to spend some money and hire a search firm to identify suitable candidates. Appoint a search committee which can include trustees as well as representatives from your school community such as a student, a faculty member and an administrator. The search committee will vet the applicants and present a candidate for the board of trustees approval. Hiring a new headmaster is a process. It takes time. If you do it right, you have charted a path for success. Get it wrong and the results could be just the opposite.

Pseudoscience and Astrology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pseudoscience and Astrology - Essay Example The scientists are willing to admit that only a part of traditional astrological doctrine is scientifically based: among them the astronomic knowledge about the planets movements; classification of people’s psychological states, character and behaviours; professional psychological terminology, etc. Trying to prove that astrology is pseudoscience, the scientists in their critical works often rely upon the results of various statistical research. There have been statistical research that traced the lives of people who were born on the same day and time, and the results of this research have shown that there is no connection or coincidence between them. Especially well known are the works of Michel Gauquelin basing on the biographies of famous people that have shown that there is no correlation between a person’s character and profession, on the one hand, and their astrological parameters, on the other. There have been other experiments conducted by M. Gauquelin: Other tests show that it hardly matters what a horoscope says, as long as the subject feels the interpretations were done for him or her personally. A few years ago French statistician Michel Gauquelin sent the horoscope for one of the worst mass murderers in French history to 150 people and asked how well it fit them. Ninety-four percent of the subjects said they recognized themselves in the description. (The Universe At Your Fingertips, 2001-2009)

Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre - Read volume 1, chapter 7, from the Essay

Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre - Read volume 1, chapter 7, from the beginning to '..... they were then propped up with monitors' high stools.' How is Language used - Essay Example Yet, Jane is also portrayed as a woman who has strong inner feelings that refuse to be ignored and constantly cause her difficulty. As Jane grows through the book, this conflict between society’s rules and her inner feelings becomes more and more obvious, finally reaching a resolution at the end in which she has found both an accepting home and a social status that permits her some freedom while still retaining her own inner fire thanks to her ability to retain a degree of independence even from her husband. As can be interpreted from this brief summary of the book, one of the key themes revolves around the struggle between the social constraints of Victorian society and the personal need for self-expression and fulfillment in the individual. This concept is addressed repeatedly throughout the novel as Bronte continues to paint ‘pictured thoughts’ to illustrate the various elements that contribute to or that relieve the struggle. A close examination of a brief pas sage found at the beginning of Volume 1, Chapter 7 illustrates how these ‘pictured thoughts’ and vignettes serve to support the theme of internal and external struggle. The specific language Bronte chooses to place in Jane’s mouth regarding her first year at Lowood frames a bleak image of denial. She describes it as â€Å"an irksome struggle† (63) that exists not just on the physical plane, but, to an even greater degree on a spiritual plane: â€Å"The fear of failure in these points harassed me worse than the physical hardships of my lot† (63). The physical hardships are also given strong adjectival support as the girls remained trapped by â€Å"deep snows†, â€Å"impassable roads† and forced to work â€Å"within these limits† of a small, sparse and bitterly cold garden (63). The clothing they are provided is â€Å"insufficient† and nonexistent while such neglect caused â€Å"irritation†, torture† and â€Å"swelled, raw

Analysis of the Law of Will

Analysis of the Law of Will When a person dies leaving their property, the question will definitely arise as to how his or her property or estate will be dealt by those who survived them. Intestacy rules[1] applies when a person dies without leaving will but makes no provision for cohabitants and their children and friends. The law of wills are more favourable which allows a person to write a will that authorize their estate to be distributed according to their own wishes. Besides being able to specify own funeral arrangement and notify guardianship of the next kin, a will can also help to reduce the amount of Inheritance Tax that may be payable on the value of the property one leave behind. A will must be valid and can only run after the death of the testator or testatrix. A testator must be over the age of 18 and have a necessary capacity[2], with capacityÂÂ   being defined as being of sound mind, memory and understand the extent of the property of which he is disposing[3] to write a will. Thus a blind person cannot be a witness.[4] Surprisingly in Wilson v Beddard,[5] a 14 years old boy was given the importance of witnesses in the will-making process. It could be argued that no particular maturity of years is required to witness a signature but that undervalue the function of the witness.[6] Borkowski in his opinion thinks that the requirement that witnesses to wills should be of adult age. It is also important for testator to comply with the requirements under section 9 of the Wills Act 1837[7] in order to make a valid will. One advantage of this is formality of writing can prevents fraud. Over the time, courts have adopted a very broad approach towards this requirement. Wills written in bad Ukrainian have been accepted by the courts in Re Slavinskyjs Estate[8] case, will written on an eggshell[9] or even in the code used by jeweller in the course of his business were accepted by the courts.[10] The courts approach appears to accept anything that is a written manifestation of the testators intentions concerning the disposition of his or her estate on the death may be regarded as a will.[11] Second requirement being a will must be signed with an intention to give effect to the will. The courts have accepted any mark or marks intended to represent a signature in Re Savory (1851)[12] case. In Re Stalman[13] the will was written on a single piece of paper and the testatrix signed at the top of the paper. The Court of Appeal held that the signature was ineffective and the will invalid. The leading case, In the Goods of Chalcraft [1948][14] where the testatrix was extremely in pain and frail, she was given the will she drafted to sign, but could only able to complete E. Chal rather than E. Chalcraft before lapsing into unconsciousness and died. Willmer J. thought that Lord Campbells words should be given a broad interpretation and that, in the circumstances, the will was validly signed because what she wrote was intended by her to be the best that she could for by way of writing her name. Contrast with a more uprightly flexible interpretation by Lord Campbell LC in Hindmarsh v Charlton (1861)[15] stated that there must either be the name or some mark which is intended to represent the name. Although this was an understandable decision on the facts, the test applied by Willmer J. was not supported by other authority and is, in any case, open to the objection that it is too vague and imprecise.[16] The judge attached essence to the fact that the testator complete his signature after the nurse left the room. His reasoning appears to have been that writing part of a name cannot amount to a signature where the testator goes on to complete the signature. The problem with this approach is that it imposes an unduly narrow meaning on signature by equating it with completed signature. These difficulties can be prevented by taking a wider approach of the meaning of a mark while focusing on the intention of the testator. The requirement of presence is an important one as in section 9, which signature must wither be made or acknowledged in the presence of two witnesses and the witness must attest and sign or acknowledge his or her signature in the presence of the testator. The case of Brown v Skirrow [1902][17] demonstrates that the element of presence means both mental and physical presence. As regards mental presence, the testator and the witnesses must be aware and mindful of the act done. Nevertheless, the cases on physical presence has raised the odd rule that it is sufficient if there was a line of sight at the relevant moment. For instance, it is sufficient for testator to see the witnesses signing, even if the testator did not look at what they were doing at that moment. There is obvious potential for fraud and undue influence in such a case although these possibilities may seem to contradict by the insistence on the testators direction, they cannot be depreciated. The line of sight test cannot be critically defended. In Langbein seminal article, Substantial Compliance with the Wills Act,[18] he argued that formalities had four main functions in will-making in which requiring the presence of the participants to the making of a will arguably serves all these purposes, especially the cautionary and the protective functions: it attracts attention to the importance of the matter and supply vital checks that the statutory requirements are being achieved. Section 9(1)[19] allows some other person to sign on behalf of the testator providing this is done in the presence and by the direction of the testator. The main reason for this provision was to provide for the case of the illiterate testator, but the leading aim now must be to help the testator who cannot sign because of illness or disability although he must be at least capable of giving direction. As it is, there would appear to be nothing to invalidate a will signed by some other person on behalf of a perfectly fit testator. Borkowski[20] suggested to amend the relevant part of section 9(1) to read or by some other person in his presence and by his direction where the testator is unable to sign the will because of illness or disability. Borkowski also argues that the number of witnesses should be increased. Two witnesses could easily be so intimately connected as to be able to collude in their evidence as may be the situation with the friendly couple next door.[21] The failure to date a will will not make a will invalid as there is no statutory requirement for a will to be dated. Waite LJ stated in Corbett v Newey[22]: Lack of a date or the inclusion of the wrong date cannot invalidate a will.[23] However, dating a will convenience judges to decide issues concerning the testators capacity to produce a will. Besides, interpretation of a will such as references to persons and property can depend on the date of execution.[24] Moreover, testator might leave more than one will thus the date of the will will be used to determine the order of execution. On 22 January 2014, the Supreme Court handed down its decision in the case of Marley v Rawlings.[25] One of the issue arise is rectifying a will under section 20 of the Administration of Justice Act 1982[26] which was introduced on the recommendations of the Law Reform Committee.[27] Under this provision, a will is rectifiable but in Marley case, the respondents argues that the physical mix-up of the documents meant that Mr Rawling had not signed a will for the purpose of section 20. Since section 9 of the Wills Act[28] require a will to be signed in order to be valid, it was argued that this will had not being signed by the testator and therefore no intention to give effect to the said provisions. As Lord Neuberger PSC said, it is logical to deal with the validity and rectification issues together, at least in a case such as this, where the two issues are so closely related.[29] In conclusion, the law of will should be reformed to make a clearer and distinct rules as they are used by majority and for vital task such as wealth distribution upon death. Good news is that the Law Commission announced on 23 July 2014 that it expects to start its project on the reform of the law of wills in early 2015 with a view to publishing a report with final recommendations and a draft Bill in early 2018.[30] Borkowskis recommendations for section 9 of the 1837 act would probably results in more failure in will, prima facie, but would also save some application of a dispensing power. However, it is obvious that the Parliament is putting efforts in improving the law of will. [1] Administration of Estates Act 1925, s 46 [2] Wills Act 1837, s 7 [3] Sir Alexander Cockburn CJ in Banks v Goodfellow (1870) LR 5 QB 549 at p.564 [4] Re Gibson [1949] P. 434 [5] Wilson v Beddard (1841) 12 Sim. 28, 59 E.R. 1041 [6] Andrew Borkowski, Reforming section 9 of the Wills Act (Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 2000) [7] Wills Act 1837, s 9 [8] Re Slavinskyjs Estate [1989] 53 SASR 221 [9] Hodson v Barnes (1926) 43 TLR 71 [10] Kell v Charmer (1856) 23 BEAV. 196 [11] Catrin Fflur Huws, Text, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts (1st edn Pearson 2015) p.369 [12] Re Savory (1851) 15 Jur 1042 [13] Re Stalman (1931) 145 LT 339 [14] In the Goods of Chalcraft [1948] 1 All ER 703 [15] (1861) 8 HL Cas. 160, 167 [16] Andrew Borkowski, Reforming section 9 of the Wills Act (Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 2000) [17] [1902] P 3 [18] John Harriss Langbein, Substantial Compliance with the Wills Act (88 Harvard Law Review 489, 1975) [19] Wills Act 1837, s 9(1) [20] Andrew Borkowski, Reforming section 9 of the Wills Act (Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 2000) [21] ibid [22] Corbett v Newey [1996] 2 All E.R. 914 [23] Waite LJ in Corbett v Newey [1996] 2 All E.R. 914 at p.920 [24] Re Whorwood (1887) 34 Ch D 446 [25] [2014] UKSC 2 [26] Administration of Justice Act 1982, s 20 [27] Law Reform Committee, Interpretation of Wills 19th Report (HMSO, 1973). Cmnd.5301 [28] Wills Act 1837, s 9 [29] Marley v Rawlings [2014] UKSC 2; [2014] 2 W.L.R. 213 at p63 [30] Law Commission, Wills: Current Project Status http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/wills/> accessed on 5 March 2017

Impact of Christianity On The Roman Culture :: essays research papers

Christianity came into the world approximately two thousand years ago. It was persecuted at first, but atually became the offical religion in 381 A.D. "It is the spiritual force that conquered the Roman Empire; one of the decisive elements in the growth of Western civiliztion (Bunson 9). Throughout history Christianity has played a major role in changing our society into what it is today. "Christianity won the professed allegiance of the overwhelming majority of the population of the Roman Empire and even the support of the Roman State (Latourette 65). Not only did Christianity thrive, but it also succeeded in changing the face of Roman culture. Consider the gladiatorial fights. "The huge Coliseum at Rome seated 50 thousand people and was the scene of many bloody gladiatorial combats and even mock naval battles" (Schoder 108). "Hundreds of thousands of slaves shed their blood in the arena in Rome year after year to satisfy the perverted lust of the Roman mob" (Kennedy 148). "Although many Romans descried these blook-letting contests, there persisted a streak of cruelty in Roman public amusements which can scarcely be comprehended, far less condoned, today (81). The message of Christianity helped changed this aspect of Roman life because it gave worth and significance every life (Kennedy 149). Jesus told the multitudes to "love your neighbor as yourself" (Luke 10:27) He also told the story of the good summaritan to illistrate that any person he came in contact with was his good neighbor (Luke 10:30-37). Christianities message contains the golden rule "do to others as you you have them do to you" (Luke 6-3)."The child of today is loved and adored. But it was not so in pre-Christian times. The Roman father’s power of his child was absolute. "He could expose it to death; he could scourge it, mutilate it, marry it, divorce it, see it as a slave, or kill it to satisfy his own blood lust." Quintillion, a roman writer, said that to kill a man was often held to be a crime, but to kill one’s own children was sometimes considered a beautiful action (Kennedy 149). The message of Christianity gave value to children. Jeasus said "who ever humbles himself like this child is greatest in my kingdom. If anyone causes these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a large millstone around his neck and be drowned in the Sea (Matt 18:4-6).

Equal Opportunities for Women’s Career

Women often experience male dominated barriers when they seek to rise to the top of organization ranks. Despite the moves that have been made for equal opportunity employment, men and women that start in the same job often are not paid equally, and do not advance at the same rate. In a male dominated business world, the women are seen as weaker, less intelligent, passive, fragile, with a lack of commitment to their career often because of family obligations. Managers often form alliances with those that tend to have the same background and lifestyle as themselves, since women are seen as different they cannot bond with those upper level managers and often get overlooked when new management positions are open. (Maume p. 483) The glass-ceiling is the lack of mobility for women in careers, due to prejudices against women†s ability to perform as well as men. Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, known as the Glass Ceiling act, established the glass ceiling commission to study and make recommendations about eliminating the barriers and to create opportunities to advance women and minorities. If men hold the higher positions, choosing who is most suitable for promotion it is likely that women will remain in the minority with power positions. Women often move into male jobs either because market conditions force employees to reach down into the labor queue to hire women or because men reevaluate and then vacate jobs. (Maume p. 483) Traditionally women are offer less opportunity for training than males, if women are not getting equal education for a company then it cannot simply be gender that may later cause poor performance in a higher management position. Training is often expensive, since companies as a whole feel that women are more concerned with family priorities they offer it to those they believe will stay the longest and in their (male) minds be most attentive, the men. Studies show that after 12 years 56% of white men will be waiting for promotions with 44% already advanced, while 85% of white women and 93% of black women will remain waiting for a promotion. Maume p483) Some men often feel that the glass ceiling does simply not exist and that women†s over all performance has been causing the divide in distribution of power. One example of this view is an article that was printed in Men†s Health magazine, although this is not scholarly it provided insight to the propaganda that is kept alive by men to other men. The article was titled â€Å"The Glass Ceiling has been shattered† and went on to describe that women were simply inferior in management positions. The writer Jeffrey Csatari believes that men did not build the glass ceiling. It was built by women†s poor performance, he sighted a study in the University of Minnesota that found female managers tend to hire timid and self effacing employees with no corporate potential, as opposed to male counterparts who hired self assertive and competent employees. (Csatari p. 43) This article was published in a national men†s magazine, with no mention about the training level of the managers studied, it may be variables in the training they were provided or job experiece rather than gender that caused the differences in employee choice. Men made the study standard, which made the test biased since men were writing the rules of which employee would be successful and which would fail, perhaps women do not simply make decisions on what is said but are closely attentive to body language as well. The economist Solomon Polachek holds a hypothesis that each occupation has a rate of atrophy that job skills depreciate with lack of use. Earnings power declines at atrophy, therefore if women plan to participate inconsistantly in the labor market they would best benefit from jobs with low atrophy rates like teaching and service work. Duncan p. 479) These jobs are often classified as women†s jobs, which have a traditionally lower starting salary than male jobs. If the view that Mr. Polachek holds were universal than it would make advancement for women almost impossible if they planned to have families and take off work for any period of time. Differences in male and female preferences in jobs do exist however and can account for some of the inequality in the business world. The Hawthorne Studies of the 1930†³s and studies since have shown that women choose positions that are more meaningful, with positive social relations as opposed to males that choose careers on basis of income potential. (Tolbert p168) The traditional views of women as the supporting partner and the man as the primary earner have become barriers for women that would like to advance. Job desegregation does not yet exist wide spread however, there has been occupational desegregation. Women have been entering into traditionally male jobs in increasing numbers. When a job gets a majority of female occupants the occupation tends to become a female â€Å"ghetto† with the males moving on to higher paying positions within that field. (England p17) The government has passed laws but women as a whole have to strive to break the perceptions men hold of their abilities. The double duties of women at work along with their life after hours, with household duties along with childcare should be examples of the strength of women†s abilities not as just a weakness. The alternative that men would like to perpetuate is that women should be more like men. Women are responding to the challenge of the workplace, some are moving to the higher levels, but through much adversity. The choice of many women is to start their own businesses such as Mary Kay cosmetics, and Avon that is female dominated. The abilities of a person to succeed are not rooted in their gender but in the individual goals and knowledge. Women are typically being kept from the higher level positions by men that consider only other males their peers, and women as inferior. If women have to strive to be more like men to advance in business, does this mean that they are to stop producing children and forgo the family that males are entitled to in order to achieve the equality that they deserve. Hopefully, women will be able to achieve both career and family without having to sacrifice one for the other, or be seen as weak. The ability to be a mother is a sign of dedication, commitment, and strength not weakness, as males believe.

The Crossroad Of Christian Sin Versus Moral Vice - 2063 Words

The Crossroad of Christian Sin Versus Moral Vice One is not wicked solely on the basis that they perform wicked acts, just as one who sins is not always a sinner. Sin covers a wide range of behaviors; but if these behaviors become habits are they still sins? Augustine seemed to believe that sins, whether small or large, are committed when man turns away from God. Similar to sin, Aristotle frequented the discussion on vice, a state of excess or deficiency, with virtue being the middle ground. As he said, â€Å"We assume, then, that virtue is the sort of state that does the best actions concerning pleasures and pains, and that vice is the contrary state† (Irwin, p. 21, lines 28-29). He taught moral vice as different from vice, and having a direct correlation with incontinence. A type of incontinence is the exorbitant desire for bodily pleasures, such as sex. This form of incontinence is explored by Dante in Inferno and Purgatorio, Chaucer in Canterbury Tales, and Augustine in hi s Confessions in the form of lust, a topic that will be later expanded on. Incontinence is a lack of self-control, something man either has a predisposing for or not; to be incontinent is not a choice. This is where the disparity and intersection between moral vice and the Christian sin present themselves. Through the works and teachings of Aristotle, Plato, Augustine, Dante Alighieri, and Geoffrey Chaucer the definitions and acts of both Christian sin and moral vice are explored in an attempt toShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesWanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Pr inter/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other